National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and Clery Act Crime Definitions
The following definitions are from the FBI’s National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the Jeanne Clery Campus Safety Act (Clery Act). The FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program transitioned to NIBRS, and retired the previous Summary Reporting System (SRS), in January 2021.
For additional information, please visit the U.S. Department of Education website or the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) website.
National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) Definitions
Group A Offenses
720 Animal Cruelty
The completion of or attempt to intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly take an action that mistreats or kills any animal without just cause.
200 Arson
To unlawfully and intentionally damage or attempt to damage any real property or personal property by fire or incendiary device.
13A Aggravated Assault
An unlawful attack by one person upon another wherein the offender uses a dangerous weapon or displays it in a threatening manner or the victim suffers obvious severe or aggravated bodily injury, or where there was a risk for serious injury/intent to seriously injure.
13B Simple Assault
An unlawful physical attack by one person upon another where neither the offender displays a weapon, nor the victim suffers obvious severe or aggravated bodily injury involving apparent broken bones, loss of teeth, possible internal injury, severe laceration, or loss of consciousness.
13C Intimidation
To unlawfully place another person in reasonable fear of harm through the use of threatening words and/or other conduct without displaying a dangerous weapon or subjecting the victim to an actual physical attack.
510 Bribery
The completed or attempted offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting anything of value (e.g., a bribe, gratuity, or kickback) to sway the judgement or action of a person in a position of trust or influence.
220 Burglary/Breaking & Entering
The unlawful entry or attempted entry into a building or some other structure to commit a felony or a theft.
290 Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property (except Arson)
To willfully or maliciously destroy, damage, deface, or otherwise injure any public or private property without the consent of the owner or the person having custody or control of it.
35A Drug/Narcotic Violations
The unlawful cultivation, manufacture, distribution, sale, purchase, use, possession, transportation, or importation of any controlled substance.
35B Drug Equipment Violations
The unlawful manufacture, sale, purchase, possession, or transportation of equipment or devices utilized in preparing and/or using drugs or narcotics.
270 Embezzlement
The unlawful misappropriation by an offender to his/her own use or purpose of money, property, or some other thing of value entrusted to his/her care, custody, or control.
210 Extortion/Blackmail
To unlawfully obtain money, property, or any other thing of value, either tangible or intangible, through the use or threat of force, misuse of authority, threat of criminal prosecution, threat of destruction of reputation or social standing, or through other coercive means.
26A False Pretenses/Swindle/Confidence Game
The intentional misrepresentation of existing fact or condition or the use of some other deceptive scheme or device to obtain money, goods, or other things of value. Only includes fraud offenses that do not fit any of the definitions of the specific subcategories of fraud.
26B Credit Card/Automated Teller Machine Fraud
The unlawful use of a credit/debit card, credit/debit card number, or automatic teller machine for fraudulent purposes.
26C Impersonation
Unlawfully representing one’s position and acting in the character or position to deceive others and thereby gain a profit or advantage, or enjoy some right or privilege.
26D Welfare Fraud
The use of deceitful statements, practices, or devices to unlawfully obtain welfare benefits.
26E Wire Fraud
The use of an electric or electronic communications facility to intentionally transmit a false and/or deceptive message in furtherance of a fraudulent activity.
26F Identity Theft
Wrongfully obtaining and/or using another person’s personal data (e.g., name and date of birth, Social Security number, driver’s license number).
This offense includes opening a credit card, bank account, etc. using a person’s information.
26G Hacking/Computer Invasion
Gaining access to another person’s or institution’s computer software, hardware, or networks without authorized permissions.
39A Betting/Wagering
To unlawfully or attempt to stake money or something else of value on the happening of an uncertain event or on the ascertainment of a fact in dispute.
39B Operating/Promoting/Assisting Gambling
To unlawfully or attempt to operate, promote, or assist in the operation of a game of chance, lottery, or other gambling activity.
39C Gambling Equipment Violations
To unlawfully or attempt to manufacture, sell, buy, possess, or transport equipment, devices, and/or goods used for gambling purposes.
39D Sports Tampering
To unlawfully or attempt to alter, meddle in, or otherwise interfere with a sporting contest or event for the purpose of gaining a gambling advantage.
09A Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter
The willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another.
09B Negligent Manslaughter
The unlawful killing of another person through negligence.
64A Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts
Inducing a person by force, fraud, or coercion to participate in commercial sex acts, or in which the person induced to perform such act(s) has not attained 18 years of age.
64B Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude
The obtaining person(s) through recruitment, harboring, transportation, or provision, and subjecting such persons by force, fraud, or coercion into involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery (not to include commercial sex acts).
100 Kidnapping/Abduction
The unlawful seizure, transportation, and/or detention of a person against their will or of a minor without the consent of a custodial parent(s) or legal guardian.
23A Pocket-picking
The theft of articles from another person’s physical possession by stealth where the victim is not immediately aware a theft occurred.
23B Purse-snatching
The grabbing or snatching of a purse, handbag, etc., from the physical possession of another person.
23C Shoplifting
The unlawful taking of goods or merchandise exposed for sale by a person (other than an employee).
23D Theft From Building
The unlawful taking of items from within a building which is either open to the general public or to which the offender has legal access.
23E Theft From Coin-Operated Machine or Device
The taking of items from a machine or device that is operated or activated by the use of coins.
23F Theft From Motor Vehicle (except Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or Accessories)
The unlawful taking of articles from a motor vehicle, locked or unlocked.
23G Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or Accessories
The taking of any part or accessory affixed to the interior or exterior of a motor vehicle in a manner which would make the item an attachment of the vehicle or necessary for its operation.
23H All Other Larceny
All thefts which do not fit any of the Larceny/Theft or specific subcategories identified in UCR.
240 Motor Vehicle Theft
The theft of a motor vehicle. A motor vehicle is a self-propelled vehicle that runs on the surface of land and not on rails that is not proceeds of another crime and that fits one of the following descriptions:
• Automobiles—sedans, coupes, station wagons, convertibles, taxicabs, or other similar motor vehicles serving the primary purpose of transporting people
• Buses—motor vehicles specifically designed (but not necessarily used) to transport groups of people on a commercial basis
• Recreational Vehicles—motor vehicles specifically designed (but not necessarily used) to transport people and provide them with temporary lodging for recreational purposes
• Trucks—motor vehicles specifically designed (but not necessarily used) to transport cargo on a commercial basis
• Other Motor Vehicles–other motorized vehicles, e.g., motorcycles, motor scooters, trail bikes, mopeds, snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles (i.e., side-by-sides), or golf carts whose primary purpose is to transport people
370 Pornography/Obscene Material
The violation of laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, publishing (publication), distributing (distribution), sale, purchase, or possession of sexually explicit material deemed legally obscene.
40A Prostitution
To engage in commercial sex acts for anything of value.
40B Assisting or Promoting Prostitution
To solicit customers or transporting persons for prostitution purposes; to own, manage, or operate a dwelling or other establishment for the purpose of providing a place where prostitution is performed; or to otherwise assist or promote prostitution.
40C Purchasing Prostitution
To purchase or trade anything of value for sex acts.
120 Robbery
The taking or attempting to take anything of value from the control, custody, or care of another person by force or threat of force and/or by putting the victim in fear of immediate harm.
11A Rape
Penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, or by a sex-related object. This definition also includes instances in which the victim is incapable of giving consent because of temporary or permanent mental or physical incapacity (including due to the influence of drugs or alcohol) or because of age. Physical resistance is not required on the part of the victim to demonstrate lack of consent.
11D Criminal Sexual Contact (Fondling)
The intentional touching of the clothed or unclothed body parts without consent of the victim for the purpose of sexual degradation, sexual gratification, or sexual humiliation.
The forced touching by the victim of the actor’s clothed or unclothed body parts, without consent of the victim for the purpose of sexual degradation, sexual gratification, or sexual humiliation.
36A Incest
Nonforcible sexual intercourse between persons who are related to each other within the degrees wherein marriage is prohibited by law.
36B Statutory Rape
Nonforcible sexual intercourse with a person who is under the statutory age of consent.
280 Stolen Property Offenses
Buying, receiving, possessing, selling, concealing, or transporting any property with the knowledge that it has been unlawfully taken, as by burglary, embezzlement, fraud, larceny, robbery, etc.
520 Weapon Law Violations
The violation of laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, sale, purchase, transportation, possession, concealment, or use of firearms, cutting instruments, explosives, incendiary devices, or other deadly weapons.
Group B Offenses
Group B crime categories encompassing offenses not considered Group A offenses.
90B Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy Violations
The violation of a court order, regulation, ordinance, or law requiring the withdrawal of persons from the streets or other specified areas; prohibiting persons from remaining in an area or place in an idle or aimless manner; or prohibiting persons from going from place to place without a visible means of support.
90C Disorderly Conduct
Any behavior that tends to disturb the public peace or decorum, scandalize the community, or shock the public sense of morality.
90D Driving Under the Influence
Driving or operating a motor vehicle or common carrier while mentally or physically impaired as the result of consuming an alcoholic beverage or using a drug or narcotic.
90F Family Offenses, Nonviolent
Unlawful, nonviolent acts by a family member (or legal guardian) that threaten the physical, mental, or economic well-being or morals of another family member and that are not classifiable as other offenses such as assault, incest, and statutory rape.
90G Liquor Law Violations (except Driving Under the Influence)
The violation of laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, sale, purchase, transportation, possession, or use of alcoholic beverages.
90J Trespass of Real Property
To unlawfully enter land, a dwelling, or other real property.
90Z All Other Offenses
All crimes that are not Group A offenses and not included in one of the specifically named Group B crime categories listed previously.
Jeanne Clery Campus Safety Act (Clery Act) Definitions
Hate Crime
A committed criminal offense that is motivated in whole or in part, by the offender’s bias(es) against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity; also known as Hate Crime.
Domestic Violence
i. A Felony or misdemeanor crime of violence committed—
A) By a current or former spouse or intimate partner of the victim;
B) By a person with whom the victim shares a child in common;
C) By a person who is cohabitating with, or has cohabitated with, the victim as a spouse or intimate partner;
D) By a person similarly situated to a spouse of the victim under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction in which the crime of violence occurred; or
E) By any other person against an adult or youth victim who is protected from that person’s acts under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction in which the crime of violence occurred.
ii. For the purposes of complying with the requirements of this section and §668.41, any incident meeting this definition is considered a crime for the purposes of Clery Act reporting.
Dating Violence
Violence committed by a person who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim.
i. The existence of such a relationship shall be based on the reporting party’s statement and with consideration of the length of the relationship, the type of relationship, and the frequency of interaction between the persons involved in the relationship.
ii. For the purposes of this definition—
A) Dating Violence includes, but is not limited to, sexual or physical abuse or the threat of such abuse.
B) Dating violence does not include acts covered under the definition of domestic violence.
iii. For the purposes of complying with the requirements of this section and §668.41, any incident meeting this definition is considered a crime for the purposes of Clery Act reporting.
Stalking
i. Engaging in a course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person to
A) Fear for the person’s safety or the safety of others; or
B) Suffer substantial emotional distress.
ii. For the purpose of this definition –
A) Course of conduct means two or more acts, including, but not limited to, acts in which the stalker directly, indirectly, or through third parties, by any action, method, device, or means follows, monitors, observes, surveils, threatens, or communicates to or about a person, or interferes with a person’s property.
B) Reasonable person means a reasonable person under similar circumstances and with similar identities to the victim.
C) Substantial emotional distress means significant mental suffering or anguish that may, but does not necessarily, require medical or other professional treatment or counseling.
iii. For the purposes of complying with the requirements of this section and section 668.41, any incident meeting this definition is considered a crime for the purposes of Clery Act reporting.